What is a Preposition?

A preposition links Nouns,Pronouns and Phrases to other words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the Object of the preposition.

A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence as in the following examples:

The book is on the table.

The book is beneath the table.

The book is leaning against the table.

The book is beside the table.

She held the book over the table.

She read the book during class.

In each of the preceding sentences, a preposition locates the noun "book" in space or in time.

A prepositional phrase is made up of the preposition, its object and any associated adjectives or adverbs. A prepositional phrase can function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. The most common prepositions are "about," "above," "across," "after," "against," "along," "among," "around," "at," "before," "behind," "below," "beneath," "beside," "between," "beyond," "but," "by," "despite," "down," "during," "except," "for," "from," "in," "inside," "into," "like," "near," "of," "off," "on," "onto," "out," "outside," "over," "past," "since," "through," "throughout," "till," "to," "toward," "under," "underneath," "until," "up," "upon," "with," "within," and "without."

Each of the highlighted words in the following sentences is a preposition:

The children climbed the mountain without fear.

In this sentence, the preposition "without" introduces the noun "fear." The prepositional phrase "without fear" functions as an adverb describing how the children climbed.

There was rejoicing throughout the land when the government was defeated.

Here, the preposition "throughout" introduces the noun phrase "the land." The prepositional phrase acts as an adverb describing the location of the rejoicing.

The spider crawled slowly along the banister.

The preposition "along" introduces the noun phrase "the banister" and the prepositional phrase "along the banister" acts as an adverb, describing where the spider crawled.

The dog is hiding under the porch because it knows it will be punished for chewing up a new pair of shoes.

Here the preposition "under" introduces the prepositional phrase "under the porch," which acts as an adverb modifying the compound verb"is hiding."

The screenwriter searched for the manuscript he was certain was somewhere in his office.

Similarly in this sentence, the preposition "in" introduces a prepositional phrase "in his office," which acts as an adverb describing the location of the missing papers.

Written by Heather MacFadyen

APPLE LOGO

Believe it or not, the current Apple logo, which an image of a bit apple, wasn't the first logo to be used by Apple Inc.

The first Apple logo was designed by Steve Jobs himself together with Ronald Wayne -- one of Apple's co-founders. It depicts an image of Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree;

The First Apple Logo , Source: Wikipedia

This logo was eventually replaced by Rob Janoff's Rainbow Apple logo during the late 1970's. It is believed that the Rainbow Apple is the company's tribute to Isaac Newton's discoveries on gravity and light prisms.

Rainbow Apple Logo , Source: Wikipedia

Interestingly***,

While [The Rainbow Apple] is generally accepted to have referred to Isaac Newton, another explanation exists that the bitten apple pays homage to the mathematician Alan Turing, who committed suicide by eating an apple he had laced with cyanide. Turing is regarded as one of the fathers of the computer. The rainbow colors of the logo are rumored to be a reference to the rainbow flag, as a homage to Turing's homosexuality.


The Rainbow Apple's base structure became the template for Apple's current and more conservative logos (color-wise).

St. Valentine's Story

Saint Valentine is said to have lived in Rome during the third century. That was a long time ago. During this time Rome was ruled by an emperor named Claudius. Many people did not like the ruler.

Claudius was having trouble getting men to serve in his army. He felt many men would not volunteer to join because they did not want to leave their wives and families. He thought that if men were not married, they would join the army. So Claudius passed a new law which did not allow any more marriages. Most people thought this law was cruel. Valentine, who was a minister, did not support the new law.

Even after Emperor Claudius passed the law, he kept performing marriage ceremonies secretly. One night he was caught and thrown in jail and told he would be put to death.

Many young people came to visit Valentine. One was the daughter of the prison guard. On the day of his death Valentine wrote a note to the daughter signed "Love from your Valentine". This was on February 14, 269 A. D.

Some say this started the custom of exchanging love messages on Valentine's Day.

ANNOUNCEMENT FOR ALL STUDENTS OF W.E.C

ENGLISH DAY 

For whole students of Wearnes Education Center Bali from all majors; it is announced that we are going to have an exciting program namely “English Day”.  In this special day you can/must express yourself in English.

All you need to do in English Day are shown below:

·        Having an interview with all lecturers (not only English lecturers, and of course by using English)

·        In interview you must be polite by doing:

o   Greeting the lecturer

o   Asking whether the lecturer has time for English day or not by asking for example:

§  “Miss/Sir do you have time for English day?”

All you need to know in English Day are shown below:

·        Every time you have an interview you will get a specific point i.e

o   Interview with an English lecturer you get 10 points, while with another lecturer you get 5 points.

o   Minimum point required/ must be collected is 60 points

·        All points will be accumulated to be your English practice point.

·        You have two [2] weeks time to collect all lecturers signatures

For the first session (two weeks time) from Monday, Dec 21^st 2009 up to Monday Dec 28^th 2009 will be the English day session for KS1, KE2, DK4, IK3 and KS 2.

 

 

 

 

Name:………………………….

Class :………………………….

NIM:…………………………..  

No.	Date	Topic	Point	Name of the Lecturer	Signature

 

 

 

 

WH- QUESTIONS

WH Question Words

We use question words to ask certain types of questions (question word questions). We often refer to them as WH words because they include the letters WH (for example WHy, HoW).

Question Word	Function	Example
what	asking for information about something	What is your name?
	asking for repetition or confirmation	What? I can't hear you. You did what?
what...for	asking for a reason, asking why	What did you do that for?
when	asking about time	When did he leave?
where	asking in or at what place or position	Where do they live?
which	asking about choice	Which colour do you want?
who	asking what or which person or people (subject)	Who opened the door?
whom	asking what or which person or people (object)	Whom did you see?
whose	asking about ownership	Whose are these keys? Whose turn is it?
why	asking for reason, asking what...for	Why do you say that?
why don't	making a suggestion	Why don't I help you?
how	asking about manner	How does this work?
	asking about condition or quality	How was your exam?
how + adj/adv	asking about extent or degree	see examples below
how far	distance	How far is Pattaya from Bangkok?
how long	length (time or space)	How long will it take?
how many	quantity (countable)	How many cars are there?
how much	quantity (uncountable)	How much money do you have?
how old	age	How old are you?
how come (informal)	asking for reason, asking why	How come I can't see her?